Ionic and covalent bonding

Ionic and covalent bonding

Ionic and covalent bonding

  • Bonding is the attraction between atoms.
  • There are two main types of bonding: covalent and ionic.
  • Covalent bonding is usually between two non-metals and is when electrons are shared.
  • Ionic bonding is when electrons are transferred from one atom to another which is usually between a metal and non-metal.
  • Both of these bonds make the atoms involved have full outer shells.
  • The more reactive a substance is, the easier it is to bond with another atom. This is because it has a low valency and therefore doesn't need to gain or lose many electrons.

The properties of ionically bonded substances:

  • Hard
  • Conduct heat and electricity (when molten or in solution)
  • High melting points

The properties of covalently bonded substances are:

  • Low melting point
  • Insulators of heat and electricity
Chemistry

Continental drift

Continental drift

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Erosion of rocks

Erosion of rocks

Chemistry

Igneous rock

Igneous rock

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Metals and non-metals

Metals and non-metals

Chemistry

Particles and atomic structure

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Chemistry

Plate tectonics

Plate tectonics